You are on Deck Summary. Skip to the next section.

Deck Summary

• Facilities/services available on this deck include; Cabins 1200-1253, The Shack, Indigo Bar, Indigo Casino and Indigo Club.
• There is not a standalone accessible toilet(s) located on this deck.
• The standalone accessible toilet(s) is/are located in the Green Staircase area, at the aft of the ship on Deck 6 and in the Red Staircase area, midship on Deck 11.
• There are standard toilet facilities located on this deck.
• For information about all toilet facilities please click here (opens new tab).
• For information about the ship itself please click here (opens new tab)

You are on Stairs (Blue Staircase - Forward). Skip to the next section.

Stairs (Blue Staircase - Forward)

Collapse all Expand all

• Stairs View
  • The stairs are located in the Blue Staircase area, at the forward of the ship.
  • The decks which are accessible by stairs are Decks 3 to 11.
  • There are between 14 and 21 steps between all decks.
  • The height of the step(s) is/are not between the recommended 15cm and 18cm.
  • The height of the step(s) is/are 19cm.
  • The steps do have open risers.
  • The going of the step(s) is/are between the recommended 30cm and 45cm.
  • The steps are clearly marked.
  • There is a/are handrail(s) at the step(s).
  • The steps have a handrail on both sides.
  • Handrails are at the recommended height (90cm-100cm).
  • Handrails do cover the flight of stairs throughout its length.
  • Handrails are easy to grip.
  • Handrails do extend horizontally beyond the first and last steps.
  • There is a landing.
  • Clear signs indicating the facilities on each deck are provided on landings.
  • The lighting levels at the steps are moderate to good.

You are on Lift(s) (Blue Staircase - Forward). Skip to the next section.

Lift(s) (Blue Staircase - Forward)

• The lift(s) is/are located in the Blue Staircase area, at the forward of the ship.
• There are 3 lifts in this location.
• The other lift has very similar/identical specifications.
• The lift is a standard lift.
• A member of staff does not need to be notified for use of the lift.
• The decks which are accessible by this lift are Decks 3 to 12.
• Clear signs indicating the facilities on each deck are provided on some lift lobby landings.
• There is a clear level manoeuvring space of 150cm × 150cm in front of the lift on all decks.
• Lift doors contrast visually with lift lobby walls on some decks.
• The external controls for the lift are within 90cm - 110cm from the floor on all decks.
• The colour contrast between the external lift controls and the control plate is fair on all decks.
• The colour contrast between the external lift control plate and the wall is fair on all decks.
• The clear door width is 100cm.
• The dimensions of the lift are 144cm x 135cm.
• There are no separate entry and exit doors in the lift.
• There is a mirror to aid reversing out of the lift.
• There is not a list of floor services available within the lift.
• The lift does have a visual floor indicator.
• The lift does not have an audible announcer.
• The internal controls for the lift are not within 90cm - 120cm from the floor.
• The lift controls are between 103cm to 145cm from the floor.
• There is not a hearing loop system.
• The lift does have braille markings.
• The lift does have tactile markings.
• The lighting levels in the lift are good.

You are on Lobby (Blue Staircase - Forward). Skip to the next section.

Lobby (Blue Staircase - Forward)

Collapse all Expand all

• Lobby Area View
  • This lobby area is located in the Blue Staircase area, at the forward of the ship on Deck 12.
  • There is step-free access throughout the lobby area.
  • There is sufficient space for a wheelchair user to use the lobby area.
  • The flooring in the lobby area consists of carpet.
  • The colour contrast between the walls and floor is good.
  • The lighting levels in the lobby are good.
  • Background music is not played in this area.
  • There are waste disposal bins in this lobby area.
  • There is not a water dispenser in this lobby area.
  • There is a/are lipped threshold(s) to access Indigo Bar, Indigo Club and Indigo Casino from this lobby area.
  • The nearest facilities accessed via this lobby area include; Indigo Bar, Indigo Club and Indigo Casino.
  • There are standard toilet facilities in this lobby area.
• Signage View
  • Wayfinding signage is provided in the lobby area.
  • Wayfinding signage does include symbols or pictograms, indicating lifts, stairs, WCs, circulation routes and other parts of the ship.
  • Wayfinding signage is clearly presented/easy to read.
  • There is a list of facilities available on this deck in the lobby area.
  • There is pictorial and written signage for the facilities within the lobby area.
  • There is a/are digital ship information touchscreen(s) available within the lobby.
  • The digital wayfinding touchscreen(s) is/are between the heights of 78cm and 198cm.
  • The touchscreen(s) can be lowered to an accessible height for a wheelchair user.
  • The touchscreen in vertical, and wall-mounted.
  • There is a map of the ship located within this lobby area.
• Seating Area View
  • There is not a seating area close to the lobby.

You are on Standard Toilet(s) (Deck 12 - Blue Staircase - Forward). Skip to the next section.

Standard Toilet(s) (Deck 12 - Blue Staircase - Forward)

Collapse all Expand all

• Toilet Facilities View
  • The female toilet is located in the Blue Staircase area, at the forward of the ship on Deck 12.
  • There is step-free access into the toilet(s).
  • The colour contrast between the external toilet door(s) and wall(s) is poor.
  • There is pictorial and written text signage on or near the toilet door.
  • An ambulant toilet cubicle is not available.
  • The height of the wash basin(s) is 103cm.
  • The wash basin(s) tap type is sensor.
  • Lighting levels are moderate to good.
  • There is a/are hand sanitiser(s) in these toilets.
  • Hand sanitisers are set at 95cm and 105cm high.
• Toilet Facilities 2 View
  • The male toilet is located in the Blue Staircase area, at the forward of the ship on Deck 12.
  • There is step-free access into the toilet(s).
  • The colour contrast between the external toilet door(s) and wall(s) is poor.
  • There is pictorial and written text signage on or near the toilet door.
  • An ambulant toilet cubicle is not available.
  • The height of the wash basin(s) is 103cm.
  • The wash basin(s) tap type is sensor.
  • Lighting levels are moderate to good.
  • There is a/are hand sanitiser(s) in these toilets.
  • Hand sanitisers are set at 95cm and 105cm high.

You are on Stairs (Red Staircase - Midship). Skip to the next section.

Stairs (Red Staircase - Midship)

Collapse all Expand all

• Stairs View
  • The stairs are located in the Red Staircase area, midship.
  • The decks which are accessible by stairs are Decks 4 to 11.
  • There are between 16 and 21 steps between all decks.
  • The height of the step(s) is/are not between the recommended 15cm and 18cm.
  • The height of the step(s) is/are 19cm.
  • The steps do have open risers.
  • The going of the step(s) is/are between the recommended 30cm and 45cm.
  • The steps are clearly marked.
  • There is a/are handrail(s) at the step(s).
  • The steps have a handrail on both sides.
  • Handrails are at the recommended height (90cm-100cm).
  • Handrails do cover the flight of stairs throughout its length.
  • Handrails are easy to grip.
  • Handrails do extend horizontally beyond the first and last steps.
  • There is a landing.
  • Clear signs indicating the facilities on each deck are provided on landings.
  • The lighting levels at the steps are moderate to good.

You are on Lift(s) (Red Staircase - Midship). Skip to the next section.

Lift(s) (Red Staircase - Midship)

• The lift(s) is/are located in the Red Staircase area, midship.
• There are 3 lifts in this location.
• The lift surveyed was Right Lift.
• The other lift has very similar/identical specifications.
• The lift is a standard lift.
• A member of staff does not need to be notified for use of the lift.
• The decks which are accessible by this lift are Decks 4 to 12.
• Clear signs indicating the facilities on each deck are provided on lift lobby landings.
• There is a clear level manoeuvring space of 150cm × 150cm in front of the lift on all decks.
• Lift doors do not contrast visually with lift lobby walls on any deck.
• The external controls for the lift are within 90cm - 110cm from the floor on all decks.
• The colour contrast between the external lift controls and the control plate is fair on all decks.
• The colour contrast between the external lift control plate and the wall is poor on all decks.
• The clear door width is 100cm.
• The dimensions of the lift are 144cm x 130cm.
• There are no separate entry and exit doors in the lift.
• There is a mirror to aid reversing out of the lift.
• There is not a list of floor services available within the lift.
• The lift does have a visual floor indicator.
• The lift does not have an audible announcer.
• The internal controls for the lift are not within 90cm - 120cm from the floor.
• The lift controls are between 103cm to 146cm from the floor.
• There is not a hearing loop system.
• The lift does have braille markings.
• The lift does have tactile markings.
• The lighting levels in the lift are low to moderate.

You are on Lobby (Red Staircase - Midship). Skip to the next section.

Lobby (Red Staircase - Midship)

Collapse all Expand all

• Lobby Area View
  • This lobby area is located in the Red Staircase area, midship on Deck 12.
  • There is step-free access throughout the lobby area.
  • There is sufficient space for a wheelchair user to use the lobby area.
  • The flooring in the lobby area consists of carpet.
  • There is some flooring which includes patterns or colours which could be confusing or look like steps or holes to some people.
  • The colour contrast between the walls and floor is good.
  • The lighting levels in the lobby are good.
  • Background music is not played in this area.
  • There are waste disposal bins in this lobby area.
  • There is not a water dispenser in this lobby area.
  • There is a/are lipped threshold(s) to access the cabin corridors, outer deck and The Shack from this lobby area.
  • The nearest facilities accessed via this lobby area include; cabins 1200-1253, outer deck and The Shack.
• Signage View
  • Wayfinding signage is provided in the lobby area.
  • Wayfinding signage does include symbols or pictograms, indicating lifts, stairs, WCs, circulation routes and other parts of the ship.
  • Wayfinding signage is clearly presented/easy to read.
  • There is a list of facilities available on this deck in the lobby area.
  • There is braille, pictorial and written signage for the facilities within the lobby area.
  • There is a/are digital ship information touchscreen(s) available within the lobby.
  • The digital wayfinding touchscreen(s) is/are between the heights of 79cm and 199cm.
  • The touchscreen(s) can be lowered to an accessible height for a wheelchair user.
  • The touchscreen in vertical, and wall-mounted.
  • There is a map of the ship located within this lobby area.
• Seating Area View
  • There is a seating area close to the lobby.
  • Access to the seating area is unobstructed.
  • In this area there are armchairs and sofas available.
  • There is sufficient space for a wheelchair user to use the seating area.

You are on Stairs (Green Staircase - Aft). Skip to the next section.

Stairs (Green Staircase - Aft)

Collapse all Expand all

• Stairs View
  • The stairs are located in the Green Staircase area, at the aft of the ship.
  • The decks which are accessible by stairs are Decks 4 to 11.
  • There are between 16 and 18 steps between all decks.
  • The height of the step(s) is/are not between the recommended 15cm and 18cm.
  • The height of the step(s) is/are 19cm.
  • The steps do have open risers.
  • The going of the step(s) is/are between the recommended 30cm and 45cm.
  • The steps are clearly marked.
  • There is a/are handrail(s) at the step(s).
  • The steps have a handrail on both sides.
  • Handrails are at the recommended height (90cm-100cm).
  • Handrails do cover the flight of stairs throughout its length.
  • Handrails are easy to grip.
  • Handrails do extend horizontally beyond the first and last steps.
  • There is a landing.
  • Clear signs indicating the facilities on each deck are provided on landings.
  • The lighting levels at the steps are moderate to good.

You are on Lift(s) (Green Staircase - Aft). Skip to the next section.

Lift(s) (Green Staircase - Aft)

• The lift(s) is/are located in the Green Staircase area, at the aft of the ship.
• There are 3 lifts in this location.
• The other lift has very similar/identical specifications.
• The lift is a standard lift.
• A member of staff does not need to be notified for use of the lift.
• The decks which are accessible by this lift are Decks 4 to 12.
• Clear signs indicating the facilities on each deck are provided on lift lobby landings.
• There is a clear level manoeuvring space of 150cm × 150cm in front of the lift on all decks.
• Lift doors do not contrast visually with lift lobby walls on any deck.
• The external controls for the lift are within 90cm - 110cm from the floor on all decks.
• The colour contrast between the external lift controls and the control plate is fair on all decks.
• The colour contrast between the external lift control plate and the wall is poor on all decks.
• The clear door width is 100cm.
• The dimensions of the lift are 144cm x 135cm.
• There are no separate entry and exit doors in the lift.
• There is a mirror to aid reversing out of the lift.
• There is not a list of floor services available within the lift.
• The lift does have a visual floor indicator.
• The lift does not have an audible announcer.
• The internal controls for the lift are not within 90cm - 120cm from the floor.
• The lift controls are between 113cm to 143cm from the floor.
• There is not a hearing loop system.
• The lift does have braille markings.
• The lift does have tactile markings.
• The lighting levels in the lift are good.

You are on Lobby (Green Staircase - Aft). Skip to the next section.

Lobby (Green Staircase - Aft)

Collapse all Expand all

• Lobby Area View
  • This lobby area is located in the Green Staircase area, at the aft of the ship on Deck 12.
  • There is step-free access throughout the lobby area.
  • There is sufficient space for a wheelchair user to use the lobby area.
  • The flooring in the lobby area consists of carpet.
  • The colour contrast between the walls and floor is good.
  • The lighting levels in the lobby are good.
  • Background music is not played in this area.
  • There are waste disposal bins in this lobby area.
  • There is not a water dispenser in this lobby area.
  • There is a/are lipped threshold(s) to access the cabin corridors from this lobby area.
  • The nearest facilities accessed via this lobby area include; cabins 1200-1253.
• Signage View
  • Wayfinding signage is provided in the lobby area.
  • Wayfinding signage does include symbols or pictograms, indicating lifts, stairs, WCs, circulation routes and other parts of the ship.
  • Wayfinding signage is clearly presented/easy to read.
  • There is a list of facilities available on this deck in the lobby area.
  • There is braille, pictorial and written signage for the facilities within the lobby area.
  • There is a/are digital ship information touchscreen(s) available within the lobby.
  • The digital wayfinding touchscreen(s) is/are between the heights of 78cm and 198cm.
  • The touchscreen(s) can be lowered to an accessible height for a wheelchair user.
  • The touchscreen in vertical, and wall-mounted.
  • There is a map of the ship located within this lobby area.
• Seating Area View
  • There is not a seating area close to the lobby.

You are on Corridors/Walkways (Cabins). Skip to the next section.

Corridors/Walkways (Cabins)

Collapse all Expand all

• Corridors/Walkways View
  • These corridors/walkways give access to the cabins.
  • There is step-free access throughout the corridors/walkways.
  • There are some lips along the corridors/walkways.
  • There are not doors in corridors/walkways which have to be opened manually.
  • The narrowest width of the corridors/walkways is 115cm.
  • The flooring in the corridors/walkways consists of carpet.
  • There is some flooring in corridors/walkways which includes patterns or colours which could be confusing or look like steps or holes to some people.
  • Lobby area locations are indicated by colour coded flooring.
  • Handrails with a rounded or oval profile are provided in corridors/walkways.
  • The colour contrast of the handrails is poor.
  • Handrails are intermittent throughout the corridors/walkways.
  • The handrails are at a height of 87cm.
  • Music is not played in the corridors/walkways.
  • There is good colour contrast between the walls and floor in all corridors/walkways.
  • There are some large open fire doors along the corridors/walkways. In the event of an emergency these will shut and be extremely heavy to open.
  • The lighting levels are moderate to good.
  • The facilities accessed via these corridors/walkways include; cabins 1200-1253.
• Signage View
  • Wayfinding signage is provided.
  • Wayfinding signage does include symbols or pictograms, indicating lifts, stairs, WCs, circulation routes and other parts of the ship.
  • Wayfinding signage is clearly presented/easy to read.
  • There is pictorial and written signage for the facilities accessed via these corridors/walkways.
  • There is/are not digital ship information touchscreen(s) available within the corridors/walkways.

You are on Cabin (Balcony). Skip to the next section.

Cabin (Balcony)

Collapse all Expand all

• Cabin Features View
  • These type of cabins are located on Decks 8, 9, 10 and 12.
  • The cabin surveyed at the time of the visit was 9039.
  • The cabin surveyed is representative of the general standard of cabins onboard. Other cabins may differ slightly in décor, design and size.
  • There is step-free access to the cabin surveyed.
  • There is numbered signage on or near the cabin door.
  • The colour contrast between the cabin door and wall is poor.
  • The cabin door opens inwards.
  • The width of the door is 60cm.
  • The colour contrast between the internal cabin door and wall is poor.
  • The colour contrast between the cabin walls and floor is good.
  • The flooring within the cabin consists of carpet.
  • There is flooring which includes patterns or colours which could be confusing or look like steps or holes to some people.
  • The cabin has a sofa bed and a convertible bed which can be a double bed or twin beds.
  • Although these type of cabins have similar features the bed types may vary slightly.
  • The height of the bed is 56cm.
  • The height of the sofa bed is 46cm.
  • Light switches are within 120cm (3ft 11in) from floor level.
  • There is not a flashing fire alarm beacon within the cabin.
  • Additional features/facilities in the cabin include; a desk, a wardrobe, a sofa, a chair without armrests, a TV, a telephone, tea and coffee-making facilities, a chargeable minibar service, a safe and a balcony.
  • The lighting levels in the cabin are good.
• Ensuite Facilities View
  • The type of features/facilities within the ensuite include; a toilet, a wash basin and a shower.
  • There is 1 clearly marked step to access the ensuite.
  • The colour contrast between the external ensuite door and wall is good.
  • The ensuite door opens outwards.
  • The width of the door to the ensuite is 60cm (1ft 12in).
  • The colour contrast between the internal ensuite door and wall is good.
  • The colour contrast between the walls and floor in the ensuite is poor.
  • There is not a flashing fire alarm beacon within the ensuite.
  • The lighting levels in the ensuite are low to moderate.
  • The tap type at the wash basin is lever.
  • There is a mixer tap at the wash basin.
  • There is 1 step leading into the shower tray.
  • The shower control type is lever.
  • Wall-mounted grab rails are available for the toilet and shower.
  • The colour contrast between the grab rails and wall is good.
• Balcony View
  • There is a single, heavy, manual door with an opening width of 75cm+ for access to the balcony.
  • The balcony door opens by sliding.
  • There is 1 clearly marked step to access the balcony.
  • The flooring on the balcony consists of a plastic covering.
  • There are 2 chairs with armrests and a table on the balcony.

You are on Cabin (Junior Suite). Skip to the next section.

Cabin (Junior Suite)

Collapse all Expand all

• Cabin Features View
  • These type of cabins are located on Decks 10 and 12.
  • The cabin surveyed at the time of the visit was 1052.
  • The cabin surveyed is representative of the general standard of cabins onboard. Other cabins may differ slightly in décor, design and size.
  • There is step-free access to the cabin surveyed.
  • There is numbered signage on or near the cabin door.
  • The colour contrast between the cabin door and wall is good.
  • The cabin door opens inwards.
  • The width of the door is 60cm.
  • The colour contrast between the internal cabin door and wall is poor.
  • The colour contrast between the cabin walls and floor is good.
  • The flooring within the cabin consists of carpet.
  • There is flooring which includes patterns or colours which could be confusing or look like steps or holes to some people.
  • The cabin has twin beds and a sofa bed.
  • Although these type of cabins have similar features the bed types may vary slightly.
  • The height of the twin beds is 55cm.
  • The height of the sofa bed is 49cm.
  • Light switches are within 120cm (3ft 11in) from floor level.
  • There is not a flashing fire alarm beacon within the cabin.
  • Additional features/facilities in the cabin include; a desk, a wardrobe, a sofa, an armchair, a chair without armrests, a coffee table, a TV, a telephone, tea and coffee-making facilities, a chargeable minibar service, a safe and a balcony.
  • The lighting levels in the cabin are moderate to good.
• Ensuite Facilities View
  • The type of features/facilities within the ensuite include; a toilet, a wash basin and a bath with an overhead shower.
  • There is 1 clearly marked step to access the ensuite.
  • The colour contrast between the external ensuite door and wall is poor.
  • The ensuite door opens inwards.
  • The width of the door to the ensuite is 55cm (1ft 10in).
  • The colour contrast between the internal ensuite door and wall is fair.
  • The colour contrast between the walls and floor in the ensuite is poor.
  • There is not a flashing fire alarm beacon within the ensuite.
  • The lighting levels in the ensuite are low to moderate.
  • The tap type at the wash basin is twist/turn.
  • There is a mixer tap at the wash basin.
  • The tap type for the bath is lever.
  • There is a mixer tap at the bath.
  • The shower control type is lever.
  • Wall-mounted grab rails are available for the bath and shower.
  • The colour contrast between the grab rails and wall is good.
• Balcony View
  • There is a single, heavy, manual door with an opening width of 75cm+ for access to the balcony.
  • The balcony door opens by sliding.
  • There is 1 clearly marked step to access the balcony.
  • The flooring on the balcony consists of wood and a plastic covering.
  • There are 2 chairs with armrests, 2 loungers and a table on the balcony.

You are on Outer Deck. Skip to the next section.

Outer Deck

Collapse all Expand all

• Access to the Outer Deck View
  • There is ramped/sloped access to the outer deck.
  • There are automatic, double doors to access the outer deck.
  • The door(s) open(s) by sliding.
  • The width of the door opening(s) is 170cm.
  • The door(s) does/do contrast visually with its immediate surroundings.
• Outer Deck View
  • There is step-free access throughout the outer deck.
  • The flooring on the outer deck consists of a plastic covering.
  • The outer deck has not got a non-slip floor.
  • The floor can become slippery when wet.
  • There is some flooring which is shiny and could cause issues with glare or look slippery to some people.
  • Background music is played on the outer deck.
  • Background music is only played at certain times.
  • In this area there are tables, chairs with armrests and sun loungers available.
  • Handrails with a rounded or oval profile are provided in some areas on the outer deck.
  • The colour contrast of the handrails is good.
  • Handrails are intermittent throughout.
  • The handrails are at a height of 115cm.
  • There is not a water dispenser in this area.
  • The facilities accessed via this outer deck include; the Blue and Red Staircase lobbies and the Sun Deck.
  • There are standard toilet facilities in this area.
• Signage View
  • Wayfinding signage is not provided on the outer deck.
  • The set-up of the chairs, tables and sun loungers will vary depending on weather conditions.

You are on Stairs (Outer Decks 11, 12, 14 and 15 - Aft). Skip to the next section.

Stairs (Outer Decks 11, 12, 14 and 15 - Aft)

Collapse all Expand all

• Stairs View
  • The stairs are located at the aft of the ship, on the starboard and port side of Decks 11, 12, 14 and 15.
  • The decks which are accessible by stairs are Decks 11, 12, 14 and 15.
  • There are between 15 and 18 steps between all decks.
  • The height of the step(s) is/are between the recommended 15cm and 18cm.
  • The steps do have open risers.
  • The going of the step(s) is/are not between the recommended 30cm and 45cm.
  • The steps are clearly marked.
  • There is a/are handrail(s) at the step(s).
  • The steps have a handrail on both sides.
  • Handrails are at the recommended height (90cm-100cm).
  • Handrails do cover the flight of stairs throughout its length.
  • Handrails are easy to grip.
  • Handrails do not extend horizontally beyond the first and last steps.
  • There is a landing.
  • Clear signs indicating the facilities on each deck are not provided on landings.
  • The lighting levels at the steps are varied.

You are on Stairs (Outer Decks 11, 12 and 14 - Forward). Skip to the next section.

Stairs (Outer Decks 11, 12 and 14 - Forward)

Collapse all Expand all

• Stairs View
  • The stairs are located at the forward of the ship, on the starboard and port sides of Decks 11, 12 and 14.
  • The decks which are accessible by stairs are Decks 11, 12 and 14.
  • There are 17 steps between decks.
  • The height of the step(s) is/are between the recommended 15cm and 18cm.
  • The steps do have open risers.
  • The going of the step(s) is/are not between the recommended 30cm and 45cm.
  • The steps are clearly marked.
  • There is a/are handrail(s) at the step(s).
  • The steps have a handrail on both sides.
  • Handrails are at the recommended height (90cm-100cm).
  • Handrails do cover the flight of stairs throughout its length.
  • Handrails are easy to grip.
  • Handrails do not extend horizontally beyond the first and last steps.
  • There is a landing.
  • Clear signs indicating the facilities on each deck are not provided on landings.
  • These stairs only take passengers from Decks 11 to Decks 12 and 14 on the outer deck.
    There is no Deck 13 on this ship.

You are on Activities and Entertainment Access Guide(s). Skip to the next section.

Activities and Entertainment Access Guide(s)

• The following facilities can be accessed from this deck.
• Indigo Casino - To view the Access Guide please click here (new tab).

You are on Food and Drink Access Guide(s). Skip to the next section.

Food and Drink Access Guide(s)

• The following facilities can be accessed from this deck.
• The Shack - To view the Access Guide please click here (new tab).
• Indigo Bar - To view the Access Guide please click here (new tab).
• Indigo Club - To view the Access Guide please click here (new tab).